If you suspect you may have macular degeneration, contact our expert eye care team at Atlanta Vision Cataract & Laser Center in Atlanta, GA. Our team helps patients in the Atlanta, College Park, East Point, and Hapeville area.
What is Macular Degeneration?
Macular degeneration is a progressive eye disease, typically seen in older people, distinguished by gradual vision loss in the central part of the visual field. It’s the primary cause of serious vision loss in individuals 60 years of age or older. Because the condition continues to develop, as a person grows old, it’s commonly known as AMD (age-related macular degeneration). Even though the disease is virtually never a complete and absolute blinding disorder, it can, however, be the cause of visual impairment.
There are two forms of AMD:
Dry AMD
The dry form of AMD is characterized by the existence of yellowish deposits known as “drusen” in the macula. A few tiny drusen may not produce noticeable changes in a person’s vision. But, if they keep growing in size and proliferating, they could result in a distortion or dimming of vision that individuals notice the most when they try to read.
Wet AMD
The wet form of AMD is characterized by the development irregular blood vessels from the choroid just beneath the macula. This is referred to as choroidal neovascularization. These particular blood vessels tend to leak fluid and blood into the retina producing distorted vision that makes straight lines appear wavy. Other aspects include blind spots and central vision loss and may lead to a complete loss of central vision in someone. If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, contact an ophthalmologist at Atlanta Vision Cataract & Laser Center as soon as possible.
Most people with AMD have the dry form and generally lose some part of their central vision. However, the dry form can also eventually lead to the wet form.
Common Risk Factors for AMD
AMD is more widespread in the elderly. In fact, it’s the primary cause of a serious loss of vision in people age 60 and over.
AMD may have a hereditary aspect, which means it could possibly be passed along from generation to generation. If you have a family history of AMD, the risk increases for developing the disease. Here are some other risk factors:
- Smoking
- High cholesterol
- High blood pressure
- Being fair skinned
- Female
- Obesity
- Light eye color
Macular Degeneration Symptoms
In the initial stages of AMD, no noticeable symptoms may be present until it affects both eyes. Usually, one of the first signs of AMD is a blurry, dim spot in the center of your line of vision. The spot may darken or grow bigger in size over time.
Symptoms of AMD include the following:
- Altered or diminished perception of color
- Blurry, dark area in the middle of your vision
Macular Degeneration (AMD) Treatments
Presently, there isn’t any cure for AMD. However, treatments may work to prevent further vision loss or diminish the ongoing progression of the condition a great deal. Many available options include:
- Photodynamic laser therapy
- Anti-angiogenesis drugs
- Laser therapy
- Low vision aids
- Vitamins
Macular Degeneration FAQs
What is macular degeneration?
Macular degeneration, often called age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a progressive eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. It primarily impacts people over age 60 and can lead to central vision loss, making tasks like reading and recognizing faces more difficult.
What is the difference between dry AMD and wet AMD?
Dry AMD is the more common form and is caused by the buildup of yellow deposits called drusen in the macula, leading to gradual central vision changes. Wet AMD is less common but more severe and occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the macula and leak fluid or blood, causing rapid and distorted vision loss.
What are the early symptoms of macular degeneration?
Early AMD may not cause noticeable symptoms, especially if only one eye is affected. Common early signs include a blurry or dim spot in the center of vision, difficulty seeing fine details, and changes in color perception. Over time, central vision loss may worsen.
Who is at risk for developing macular degeneration?
Risk factors for AMD include aging, family history, smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, being fair-skinned, having light-colored eyes, and being female. People over age 60 are at the highest risk.
Can macular degeneration be cured?
There is currently no cure for macular degeneration. However, early diagnosis and treatment can help slow disease progression and reduce the risk of severe vision loss.
What treatment options are available for macular degeneration?
Treatment depends on the type and severity of AMD. Options may include anti-angiogenesis injections, photodynamic therapy, laser treatments, vitamin supplementation, and low vision aids to help maximize remaining vision.